![]() If set to true then the css_font_size will also be applied if an ODT template is used or if no template is used at all (no CSS and no ODT template ). It does not affect the look of the DokuWiki basic syntax. This only affects the CSS content given to plugins. The DokuWiki template to use for CSS import. This is the initial value representing 1em. Specifies the basic font-size for CSS import/handling. Currently this only affects the ODT export of plugins, e.g. Which selector shall be used to query CSS properties? For example 'print' or 'screen'. If set to basic style import then the ODT plugin will additionally apply the imported CSS code on the basic styles like basic text formatting, headers, lists and tables. ![]() If set to off (plugins only) (default) then the CSS code will only influence the ODT output of plugins. This setting specifies in which way the imported CSS code from the 'css_template' is used. See section Templates support for details.ĭisplay the PDF Export Button? (export to ODT and conversion to PDF) css) so that the plugin can differ between the file types. Make sure to use the correct file extensions (.odt or. Since version the template can also be a CSS file. ODT file which shall be used as a template. Upload your ODT template files to this directory. Sub-directory for the templates in the media manager. lib/images/fileicons/odt.png" alt="ODT Export" /> You can mix the 2 previous methods, and get a button with an image inside, with this code: "> lib/images/fileicons/odt.png" alt="ODT Export" /> Or use this for a simple 16×16 icon somewhere in your template: Otherwise use the following to add another button in the upper or bottom button row of the template 1) "> If you use the default template just switch the button on in the configuration menu. To make a single page exportable you can add the following macro to the page:Ī better way is to integrate an export button into your template. If you want to print received faxes onto custom-size paper, register paper size in and set for in in of the menu to.If you frequently use the same size of paper in the stack bypass tray, you can set in of the menu.If you load paper in the stack bypass tray, the paper size setting screen appears.Note: If you copy or print received faxes onto custom-size paper, set the paper size and type from the control panel of the machine. In this case, enter a value of 1/4" - 2" (5 mm - 50 mm) for the left, right, top and bottom margin in. You can register the paper size specified in the dialog box accessed from the or as a custom-size paper.For information, see the online help for each printer driver. Available paper size and type vary depending on the printer model.Registered custom size paper can be used other printers installed in the computer. ![]() Specify the paper size and enter the name in. Log on as a Power User or an Administrator if you use Windows 2000/XP/Server 2003/Vista/Server 2008.Ĥ. Note: When you access the printer driver screen from the or folder, the full control access rights are required. The printer driver screen is displayed.ģ. In the folder (or folder), right-click the printer icon whose settings you want to configure -> click from the displayed menu. If you use Windows Server 2008, from the menu, click ->.If you use Windows Vista, from the (Start) menu, click ->.If you use Windows XP Home Edition, from the menu, click -> ->.If you use Windows XP Professional/Server 2003, from the menu, click. ![]() Note: The following procedures are explained using sample screens from Windows 2000.ġ. Make sure that is selected in, select in and click.
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![]() ![]() Old World Dwarf Runner: Whilst they are vital to a Dwarf team, the fact they have Loner isn’t great.Loner needs to be considered when choosing the order you activate the players but Brawler makes these a little less risky when throwing blocks. The skills combination isn’t as good as standard Dwarfs but Brawler could come in handy for a team with such expensive rerolls and average ball handling. I would look to fit both of them into the team as they are tough to remove from the pitch and have strength skill access for Guard. There’s not much point playing Old World Alliance if you aren’t going to take some of the Dwarf players. Old World Dwarf Blockers: Again they are more expensive than on the Dwarf team and they swap Block and Tackle for Arm Bar and Brawler.Definitely a player you are going to want as they are quick, start with Block and have strength skill access. Old World Human Blitzer: Slightly more expensive than their normal counterpart and again they have Animosity towards Dwarfs.Can be handy to add some speed and easy agility skill access but a bit fragile. Old World Human Catcher: The same as a Human Catcher but just with added Animosity to the Dwarf players.Probably going to be your main ball carrier but viewing the whole roster overall you aren’t likely going to want to develop a passing game. Old World Human Thrower: A slightly worse version of the Human Thrower as their passing stat is 3+ rather than 2+ and they also have Animosity towards their Dwarven teammates.Old World Linemen: These are just the same as a normal Human Lineman so average at everything and you aren’t going to be upset if you lose them.Loner (4+), Mighty Blow (+1), Stand Firm, Strong Arm, Take Root, Thick Skull, Throw Team Mate, Timmm-ber! QTYĪnimosity (Dwarf and Halfling), Pass, Sure HandsĪnimosity (Dwarf and Halfling), Catch, DodgeĪrm Bar, Brawler, Loner (3+), Thick Skullīlock, Dauntless, Frenzy, Loner (3+), Thick SkullĪnimosity (Dwarf and Human), Dodge, Right Stuff, Stuntyīone Head, Loner (4+), Mighty Blow (1+), Thick Skull, Throw Team Mate In a change from the normal format it might be worth a quick overview on the advantages and disadvantages each of the players brings to the team. ![]() Unfortunately if feels like this team was put together based on what players were on certain sprues that came with the team specific box sets, rather than a team that was created with some deeper thinking behind it (though I could be wrong!). You also have some Animosity to deal with. ![]() The rerolls are expensive and depending on how you build your team quite a few of them would have trouble even using them as they have Loner. You also have to pick between two different Big Guys in the Ogre and Treeman. Old World Alliance teams have a lot of different players to pick between which can seem a bit daunting to know what ones to pick, especially if you’re taking them as your first ever team. Old World Alliance Starting Rosters Overview ![]() ![]() ![]() Achromatopsie (A Very Case Of 0.003 % People).The proportion of different types of color blinds is as follows - 8% of color-blind males constitute. The test provides a simple and effective way to detect color blindness. Thus, men constitute a 95 percent proportion of color blinds. Discover if your child is color blind with our easy and accurate Color Blind Test. This means 1 out of 12 men and one of 200 women are color blind. Out of these 300 million color blinds, males constitute eight per cent while women are affected only 0.5 percent. This is 4% of the total world population. e, dichromacy ( e.g, red-green color blindness), achromatopsia ( no color vision).Ĭolor blindness is a disability which affects about 300 million people in the world. The types are protanopia( red color blindness), deuteranopia (green colorblindness), tritanopia ( blue color blindness), mixed type, ie. Here's what you should know about how a child gets tested for color blindness (aka color deficiency), including the age at which tests can detect the condition. Further, there are types of color blindness depending on the inability to perceive a certain color. The catch As with many things in life, not all color blind tests are created equal. Color blindness is also known as color vision deficiency. Take the Next Step: Order the Vision Monitoring Kit. Older children who know their numbers and letters can also take this test. It is the inability to identify one or more of the three colors, red, green or blue. Adults can take a free online color blindness test online, which uses numbers and letters instead of shapes, to find out if they are color blind. Up until now, screening tools were hard to come by outside of optician or ophthalmology clinics. Kids that are color blind often go undiagnosed because they don't know anything is wrong. The patterns help the eye doctor know which colors the child is having trouble seeing. The child is then asked to try and find a pattern in the dots, like a letter or number. One child color blind test includes looking at sets of colored dots. The eyes can be tested separately, or together. Observe the computer monitor at a normal distance and with glasses, if necessary. Color blindness is a complete or partial loss of color vision. Color blindness is common but, when undiagnosed, can lead to a child being labeled with behavioral or learning difficulties. A child color blind test will measure how well a child recognizes different colors. When taking this color vision test, look for a number or shape in each figure. ![]() ![]() ![]() Hornet will hold her needle and strike a defensive stance, if you hit her during this stance, you will hear her giggle before unleashing a wide-range slash of counterattack. If you want to be aggressive you can damage her by using Vengeful Spirit. You can easily dodge this since she telegraphs this attack in place. She can perform this attack both on the ground and in the air. Hornet unleashes an AOE attack where her Thread engulfs around her for a brief period. Be mindful that The Knight can still take damage upon contact with both the Needle and Thread. You can avoid this attack by jumping on top of her nail and executing a downward strike on Hornet's needle to pogo off it. Hornet throws her needle for about mid-range and pulls it back with the thread attached to the needle's eye. Hornet dives in for the attack at the last position The Knight will be while she charges midair, use that opportunity to predict where she will land in order to evade her attack. Hornet jumps into the air and charges for a lunge attack towards The Knight in a 45-degree angle. You can jump evade this attack by jumping on top of her. Hornet dashes and lunges with her needle on the ground. Take advantage of the Spells and Abilities you've already acquired in the process before you run into her the second time. You can use the same strategy as before, but you will have to react faster as well. She also has two additional moves during this fight. Hornet would still have the same moveset and tactics as when you first fought her, but her attacks will be a lot faster now. ![]() This is the second time you'll be facing her in a boss fight, and this time, she'll be using her full strength and abilities. When you encounter Hornet for the second time at Kingdom's Edge, she will challenge you to test your resolve and strength in saving Hallownest. Other than that take your time and try to consume your SOUL wisely both offensively and defensively. Since you are in the early stage of the game, the only spell you possibly have acquired is Vengeful Spirit, it is recommended that you use this spell whenever she executes her storm of threads attack. ![]() Whenever she performs a ground lunge attack, take that opportunity to jump over her and land a few strikes to damage her and recover SOUL. First is when you meet her for the first time in Greepath, and second is when you meet her at Kingdom's Edge. You will encounter Hornet in a boss fight twice in Hollow Knight. Hornet is one of the bosses you can encounter at the early part of the game, so do not underestimate her since she is an early boss that has increased movement speed and has a short recovery time allowing her to execute her attacks frequently. I thought her prey and pounced at her, but with a flash she stabbed me with her flying stinger and darted away. Some bosses are capable of entering into a state of stagger after landing a number of attacks on them.Īs soon as you encounter a boss, its name will appear on the screen, the music will change into a boss battle theme, and usually, paths connecting the arena will close or will be blocked leaving you no choice but to face these devastating and unique foes. Bosses are special Enemies that feature their own arena, a large amount of health, and a variety of unique moves and abilities. You will need to perform multiple attacks such as using The Nail and Nail Arts along with the Spells and Abilities in order to defeat them. 225 (First Encounter) 700 (Second Encounter) ![]() ![]() ![]() An active internet connection is required for the initial product activation and software updates.Operating System: macOS 10.9 Mavericks or later.Display: Minimum resolution of 1280×768 pixels.Hard Disk Space: 300 MB of free disk space.Processor: Intel Core 2 Duo or AMD Athlon 64 X2 processor.Operating System: Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 10 (64-bit versions only). ![]()
![]() ![]() And if you think that you can easily cope with all the puzzles by turning the settings to the maximum, then you may be unpleasantly surprised! For example, a mini-game reminiscent of the classic mahjong becomes much less easy to complete when played on the last difficulty level. The youngest gamers can start on the easiest level, older kids can choose the medium level, and parents can try their hand at the hardest. Then check how your answer matches the correct one! All kinds of exciting tasks and three levels of difficulty!ĭue to the fact that Purble Place has three levels of difficulty, each player will be able to choose the settings to their liking. Try different options and decide which facial features suit each other the most. A similar but more complicated task is to put people’s faces together by composing individual elements in the way that seems right to you. Depending on how successfully you cope with this task and how beautiful and appetizing your cakes turn out, you will receive one or another number of points. Even more, you can enjoy Purble Place for free. This compatibility ensures an optimal gaming experience. Once you have the game, you can easily install Purble Place on Windows 10. This allows instant access to the three mini-games. Your task is to fold the cake from different parts that differ in shape and color. Starting with a speedy Purble Place download is essential. For example, there is a confectionery where cakes are baked. In fact, the entire gameplay consists of mini-games of various types. Even the smallest players can easily figure out what to do to solve colorful puzzles. Everything here is as simple as possible – you will quickly figure out the controls and interface, and choosing the right options will not cause you any problems. No wonder, because this game is primarily for kids, although their parents also often get hooked on this exciting puzzle. Let’s start! Colorful, fun and exciting!Īs soon as you launch Purble Place, you’re immediately drawn in by the bright colors, cute visual style, and cartoonishness of everything that’s going on. There are three levels of difficulty, so both the smallest and slightly older guys can play this game. ![]() ![]() Each level is a new location where you will demonstrate your ingenuity, attention, memory and other intellectual abilities. Purble Place is a puzzle game designed mainly for kids that will take you on an exciting journey through a colorful cartoon world filled with different puzzles that you have to solve. ![]() ![]() ![]() In a separate large bowl using an electric mixer, cream together the brown sugar and butter, mixing until light. (Scooping directly from the bag compacts the flour, resulting in dry baked goods. In a medium bowl, whisk together the flour, oats, baking soda, cinnamon and salt. When measuring flour, we spoon it into a dry measuring cup and level off the excess. Store in an airtight container at room temperature for up to 3 days. Let the cookies cool slightly on the baking sheets, then transfer to wire racks to cool completely. Drop heaping tablespoons of the dough onto the prepared sheets about 2 inches apart.īake the cookies, rotating the pans halfway through, until golden brown but still soft in the center, about 15 minutes. Stir in the oats, raisins and walnuts with a rubber spatula. Reduce the speed to low and beat in the flour mixture in 3 additions until smooth. Beat in the eggs 1 at time until blended, then beat in the vanilla. Spoon about 1 tablespoon of batter per pancake into the skillet, leaving space between the pancakes for spreading. Whisk together the flour, baking soda, cinnamon, salt and allspice in a large bowl.īeat the butter, brown sugar and granulated sugar with an electric mixer on medium-high speed in a large bowl until light and fluffy, scraping down the sides of the bowl occasionally. 1 large egg 1 teaspoon vanilla extract 1 cup raisins Add to Shopping List View Shopping List Ingredient Substitutions Directions Combine the oats, flour, cinnamon, baking powder and salt in a large. Heat a nonstick skillet over medium-low heat and lightly brush with butter. Cool on the sheets for 2 minutes, and then move to a cooling rack to cool completely.Position the racks in the top and lower thirds of the oven and preheat to 350 degrees F. In a large bowl, beat the schmaltz, butter and brown sugar together with an electric mixer on medium-high speed until light and well blended, about 3 minutes. (Over mixing develops the gluten, making a tough cookie. Stir the flour mixture into the creamed mixture until no flour is visible. To cream, increase speed to high and beat until fluffy and the color lightens. Bake until the cookies begin to brown around the edges, 12 to 14 minutes, rotating the baking sheets halfway through. Combine wet ingredients with a hand mixer on low. Scoop the dough with a 1 1/2-tablespoon disher onto the baking sheets, leaving 2 inches between each mound. Add the remaining toasted oats and the raisins, if using, and mix to combine. Stop once to scrape down the sides of the bowl. In the bowl of a stand mixer fitted with the paddle attachment, combine the butter and brown sugar and beat until light and fluffy. Slowly add the flour mixture until just combined. In a medium bowl, sift together the flour, salt, cinnamon, allspice, baking powder and baking soda. Reduce the mixer speed to the lowest speed and add the vanilla extract and egg. Combine the butter and sugars in the bowl of a stand mixer and mix on medium speed using the paddle attachment until light in color, about 3 minutes. Brown Sugar Brown Sugar gives these cookies their. ![]() Stir in the flour, baking powder and soda and salt until well. Lace Cookie Ingredients Butter I always use salted butter in baking, but you can use salted or unsalted. Add the yogurt, brown sugar and 1 1/2 cups ice, and blend on high. Blend on high speed until pureed and smooth, about 1 minute. Add the baking powder, cinnamon and salt to the food processor and pulse 2 to 3 times to combine. In a large bowl, cream together the brown sugar and butter. Stir completely and set aside until the oats are soft, 15 minutes. Heat a griddle over medium heat and brush with additional. ![]() The circles should be about 2 diameter before baking. Whisk the wet ingredients into the dry until just combined, then fold in the mashed up bananas and the raisins. With the mixer on low, slowly add the dry ingredients to the butter mixture. Grind 8 ounces of the toasted oats in a food processor until they have the consistency of whole-wheat flour, about 3 minutes. With moistened fingers, press down on the dough and form it into circles about 1/8 thick. Sift the flour, baking powder, cinnamon, and salt together into a medium bowl. Cool the oats for 2 to 3 minutes on the sheet. Bake until lightly toasted, about 20 minutes. In a large bowl, cream together butter, sugars, molasses and vanilla with an electric mixer. Spread the oats into a single layer on a baking sheet. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Setting this to 0 on dx9 will cause a strange "shine" effect to appear on all players.) Glow_outline_effect_enable 0 (Cart glow effect) R_lod 1 (Needs to be set to 1, otherwise they will still be disabled)Ĭl_jiggle_bone_framerate_cutoff 0 (Turns off jigglebones) You may see some performance loss from setting this to `1'.) Sometimes turned on by competitive Team Fortress 2 players to see opponents standing near the other side of a wall. R_shadowrendertotexture 1 (Non-blobby shadows. Rate 100000 (Max bytes/sec the host can receive data.)Įnable sprays (uncomment this section if you want these settings) 015 (Interpolate x seconds from game (0.02 = 20ms)) Rate 60000 (Max bytes/sec the host can receive data.Ĭl_updaterate 67 (Number of packets per second you are requesting from the server.)Ĭl_cmdrate 67 (Number of command pakets sent to the server per second.)Ĭl_interp. Rate 60000 (Max bytes/sec the host can receive data.)Ĭl_interp 0 (Interpolate x seconds from game (0.02 = 20ms))Ĭl_interp_ratio 1 (Sets the interpolation amount (final amount is cl_interp_ratio / cl_updaterate))Ĭl_lagcompensation 1 (Perform server side lag compensation of weapon firing events)Ĭl_pred_optimize 2 (Optimise for not copying data if didn't receive a network update (1), and also for not repredicting if there were no errors (2))Ĭl_interp_ratio 2 (Sets the interpolation amount (final amount is cl_interp_ratio / cl_updaterate))Ĭl_lagcompensation 1 (Perform server side lag compensation of weapon firing events.)Ĭl_updaterate 40 (Number of packets per second you are requesting from the server.) Windowed: -dxlevel 81 -sw -w WIDTH -h HEIGHT -console -noborder -novid -useforcedmparms -noforcemaccel -noforcemspdįps_max 132 (Commented due to jittering when fps is capped for some)Ĭl_cmdrate 66 (Number of command pakets sent to the server per second.)Ĭl_interp 0 (We let cl_interp_ratio do the limiting, this just sets it to the minimum available.)Ĭl_interp_ratio 0 (Sets the interpolation amount (final amount is cl_interp_ratio / cl_updaterate))Ĭl_lagcompensation 0 (Perform server side lag compensation of weapon firing events.)Ĭl_pred_optimize 2 (Optimize for not copying data if didn't receive a network update (1), and also for not repredicting if there were no errors (2))Ĭl_smooth 0 (If set to 1 attempts to smooth the view after prediction errors.)Ĭl_smoothtime 0.01 (Time over which to smooth the view after prediction errors if cl_smooth is enabled.)Ĭl_updaterate 66 (Number of packets per second you are requesting from the server.) IMPORTANT: Remove -dxlevel 81 from the launch options after the first launch!įullscreen: -dxlevel 81 -full -w WIDTH -h HEIGHT -console -novid -useforcedmparms -noforcemaccel -noforcemspd ![]() Launch options: (right click on Garry's Mod in the steam library, properties, set launch options) Unexplained crashes? Try changing mat_queue_mode to "-1" Your game might be unstable or unplayable. ![]() IMPORTANT: It's highly recommended not to use all commands. If you restart gmod, you have to open the file everytime, so you can decide if you want to open it or not. Now you can play with a high fps boost.ġ2. Gmod should freeze now for a few seconds.ġ1. Open the console and write in: exec Fps.cfg (the name you created for the file) Now you can close all things and open up Garry's Mod.ġ0. Put this file back into the gmod cfg folder.ĩ. Copy and insert the commands you'd like to choose from this guide.īe sure to remove the comments after the commands, for example:Ħ. Remove the content from your opened file.ĥ. Open this file on your desktop with Notepad++ or Sublime Text 3 - Right click and open with.Ĥ. cfg file (for example config.cfg) and copy it to your desktop.ģ. Go to your Gmod cfg folder -> Steam\steamapps\common\GarrysMod\garrysmod\cfg.Ģ. I will tell you in X steps how to create a config file with all your commands you've been choosen here.ġ. ![]() ![]() Alternating Trail Making: The examiner instructs the client to “ Please draw a line, going from a number to a letter in ascending order.These items are described in detail below. The items of the MoCA examine attention and concentration, executive functions, memory, language, visuoconstructional skills, conceptual thinking, calculations, and orientation. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment was developed by Dr Nasreddine in 1996, then validated with the help of Chertkow, Phillips, Whitehead, Bergman, Collin, Cummings, and Hébert in 2004-2005. 80% of cases are also know as a "schemic stroke", or the formation of a blood clot in a vessel supplying blood to the brain. 20% of cases are a hemorrhage in the brain caused by a rupture or leakage from a blood vessel. The measure can be used, but is not limited to patients with stroke Also called a "brain attack" and happens when brain cells die because of inadequate blood flow. The MoCA assesses the following cognitive domains: attention and concentration, executive functions, memory, language, visuoconstructional skills, conceptual thinking, calculations, and orientation. It was developed in response to the poor sensitivity Sensitivity refers to the probability that a diagnostic technique will detect a particular disease or condition when it does indeed exist in a patient (National Multiple Sclerosis Society). Instrument for the detection of mild cognitive impairment. 80% of cases are also know as a “schemic stroke”, or the formation of a blood clot in a vessel supplying blood to the brain. The measure can be used, but is not limited to patients with stroke Also called a “brain attack” and happens when brain cells die because of inadequate blood flow. Thus, the MoCA is intended for clients with memory complaints who score within the normal range on the MMSE. Of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in distinguishing clients with mild cognitive impairment from normal elderly clients (Nasreddine et al., 2005). 1996 9:50-3.The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was designed as a rapid screening Testing for disease in people without symptoms. Clinical validation of the oral trail making test. Trail making test A improves performance characteristics of the international HIV-dementia scale to identify symptomatic HAND. doi:10.1093/ageing/aft073Ĭhalermchai T, Valcour V, Sithinamsuwan P. doi:10.1016/j.acn.2007.11.005ĭobbs BM, Shergill SS, How effective is the trail making test (parts A and B) in identifying cognitively impaired drivers? Age Ageing. ![]() Trail making test errors in normal aging, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia. Jefferson AL, O'Connor MK, Chaisson C, Green RC, Stern RA. Lowering the Floor on Trail Making Test Part B: Psychometric Evidence for a New Scoring Metric. Trail Making Test: regression-based norms for the Portuguese population. What is dementia? Symptoms, types, and diagnosis.Ĭavaco S, Goncalves A, Pinto C, et al. Llinàs-Reglà J., Vilalta-Franch J, López-Pousa S, Calvó-Perxas L, Torrents Rodas D, Garre-Olmo J. ![]() ![]() ![]() Short Story Reading Comprehension Worksheets In this series, readers are tested on their ability to perform interpretations, make deductions, and infer the meaning of vocabulary words based on a short story. Click the banner below!Ĭritical Thinking Reading Comprehension Worksheets In this series, readers are tested on their ability to perform interpretations, make deductions, and infer the meaning of vocabulary words based on an informational passage. Teachers can create virtual classes and track their students' performance using graphs, charts, and percentages. Pretty amazing, right? On Read Theory, students can take quizzes, enter contests, create avatars, earn points and achievements, and more. ![]() That's why we created Read Theory, a website that offers over 1000 reading comprehension quizzes and automatically adapts to student reading ability. Click on the link to check it out! You really really like reading comprehension. Oh yeah, and don't forget that these materials are samples taken from our sister site, ReadTheory - an interactive website dedicated to improving reading comprehension for all ages and ability levels. Just remember to uphold our Terms of Use when using them. Phew! Thinking critically is tiring! Well, we hope you found the things you needed. Binding, bookmaking, and or collation, reproduction and or duplication on other websites, creation of online quizzes or tests, saving to disks or hard drives, publication on intranets such as Moodle and Blackboard, and or use of our worksheets for commercial gain is strictly prohibited. © COPYRIGHT NOTICE: The below publications contain copyrighted work to be used by teachers in school or at home. Our reading comprehension worksheets teach students to think critically, draw inferences, understand scope and global concepts, find or recall details, and infer the meaning of useful vocabulary words. ![]() Based on this understanding, one might actually say that reading comprehension shares a unique association with art and math, each providing a way of understanding the world from a fundamental, yet polar, perspective. No matter what the number "3" may come to stand for - volcanoes or molecules or skateboards - the student will be able to manipulate these things given his or her understanding of math. Mathematics, the diametrical opposite of art, challenges students in an inverse way it teaches them to manipulate universals in order to represent the particular. When a student reads a text, he or she is forced to absorb a great deal of particular facts concerning an infinitude of seemingly random subjects (volcanoes, molecules, skateboarding, etc.) and assimilate them into the bigger picture, establishing just how they fit in, or relate, to the broader world. ![]() The reason why reading comprehension is such an effective learning tool is that, like art, it teaches students to manipulate particulars in attempt to represent the universal. But other US educators consider this reading approach to be completely backward for very young children, arguing that the children must learn how to decode the words in a story through phonics before they can analyze the story itself. Many educators in the United States believe that students need to learn to analyze text (comprehend it) even before they can read it on their own, and comprehension instruction generally begins in pre-Kindergarten or Kindergarten. If word recognition is difficult, students use too much of their processing capacity to read individual words, which interferes with their ability to comprehend what is read. This being the case, it is generally believed that proficient reading depends on the ability to recognize words quickly and effortlessly. Humans are thought to have a set reserve, an established threshold for attention and absorption of information, commonly referred to as processing capacity. This understanding comes from the interaction between the words that are written and how they trigger knowledge outside the text. Reading comprehension is defined as the level of understanding of a text. But what makes it so special? Why is it so revered by both students and teachers alike? To answer these questions, it helps to know just what reading comprehension is. Beloved reading comprehension, a friend to nearly every teacher of language. If there were only one aspect of language that students could study (or that educators could teach), it would invariably be reading comprehension. ![]() |
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